What procedure involves the surgical removal of the gallbladder?

The procedure that involves the surgical removal of the gallbladder is known as cholecystectomy. This surgery is commonly performed to treat various gallbladder diseases, including gallstones and inflammation (cholecystitis). By removing the gallbladder, the body can still function normally, as bile is produced in the liver and then stored in the gallbladder; the removal allows bile to flow directly from the liver into the small intestine.

Other surgical procedures listed do not pertain to the gallbladder. Nephrectomy refers to the removal of a kidney, gastrectomy involves the removal of part or all of the stomach, and splenectomy is the surgical removal of the spleen. Each of these procedures has its own indications and implications distinct from those associated with cholecystectomy.